Journal: Journal of Advanced Research

Article Title: Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron : A symbiotic ally against diarrhea along with modulation of gut microbial ecological networks via tryptophan metabolism and AHR-Nrf2 signaling

doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2025.04.016

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, Salmonella choleraesuis CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group. CON: negative control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria), n = 3; PC: positive control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + ethyl acetate extract), n = 3; B: basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron . n = 6. (ii) Maximum growth rate of bacteria in each group. (iii) Duration of reaching the logarithmic growth period of bacteria in each group. (F) Membrane permeabilization assay of ETEC co-incubated with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron or other references. CON: ETEC growing in conventional culture medium, n = 6; B. thetaiotaomicron extract: ETEC growing in culture medium with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron , n = 6; Polymyxin: ETEC growing in culture medium with polymyxin, n = 6; CTAB: ETEC growing in culture medium with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, n = 6. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among multiple groups. ** P < 0.01; different superscript letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, Salmonella choleraesuis CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group.

Techniques: Bacteria, Negative Control, Positive Control, Membrane, Incubation

Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: Unique bifunctional α-sialidase/β- N -acetylgalactosaminidase from Bifidobacterium bifidum acting on the Sd a antigen

doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2025.111121

Figure Lengend Snippet: Hydrolysis of GM2 by various α-sialidases. GM2 (0.5 mg/ml) was incubated with α-sialidases (50 μg/ml for SiaBb1, SiaBb2, and SiaBb3; 0.3 units/ml for commercial α-sialidases) in the absence of any detergent ( A ), in the presence of 0.1% Triton X-100 ( B ) or 0.1% sodium cholate ( C ) in 50 mM sodium acetate buffer (pH 5.5) for 15 h. The reaction mixtures were analyzed by TLC. The experiment was performed three times, and one representative set of data is shown. Au, Arthrobacter ureafaciens ; Cp, Clostridium perfringens ; LacCer, lactosylceramide; Vc, Vibrio cholerae .

Article Snippet: The GH123 domain of SiaBb3 exhibits 36% and 33% identity to β-GalNAc-ases from Clostridium perfringens American Type Culture Collection 13124 ( Cp Nga123) and from Paenibacillus sp. TS12 (NgaP), respectively ( , ).

Techniques: Incubation